| Question |
Answer |
| What is the typical time of onset for anorexia nervosa? |
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Usually in early adolesence, between ages 14-16
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| What factors have been associated with poorer outcomes for patients with anorexia nervosa? |
|
Initial lower minimum weight, purging, and a later age of onset.
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| What are the central features of anorexia nervosa? |
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A drive for thinness, perfectionism, and fear of becoming fat.
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| What physical symptoms are included in the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa? |
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A weight loss of at least 25 lbs. and absence of menses for at least 3 consecutive months or periods.
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| The mental image of one's own body is referred to as? |
|
Body image
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| What are typical thought patterns for patients with anorexia nervosa? |
|
All or nothing thinking like if I gain a pound I will never stop gaining weight.
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| How is behavior impacted by anorexia nervosa? |
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It becomes organized around food-related activities including food preparation, calorie counting, reading cookbooks, maintenance of eating rituals.
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| What feelings and fears are common in patients with anorexia nervosa? |
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Feelings of inadequacy, guilt, strong desire to avoid conflict and fear of maturity
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| What personality characteristics has been found to have an extremely strong predictor for the development of anorexia nervosa in athletes? |
|
Perfectionism
|
| Lack of___________ is the term for confusion in defining feelings and visceral cues like hunger. |
|
Interoceptive awareness
|
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| T/F The earlier the onset of menses, the higher the risk of developing anorexia nervosa. |
|
TRUE
|
| What was found to be a strong predictor for binge eating in males? |
|
Anger and depression
|
| What was found to be a strong predictor for binge eating in females? |
|
Diet failure
|
| What is the difference in age of onset of anorexia nervosa in males? |
|
It tends to be later, with a mean age of 20.5
|
| What are common comorbidities with anorexia nervosa? |
|
Anxiety disorders like OCD, phobias and panic disorders and depression
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| Why is OCD considered an independent risk factor for anorexia nervosa? |
|
In many patients with anorexia nervosa, OCD symptoms were present up to 5 years prior.
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| How is the brain impacted by anorexia nervosa? |
|
Reductions in gray and white matter volume occurs during ill states and remits with recovery.
|
| What brain structures have been implicated in anorexia nervosa? |
|
The cingulate, frontal, temporal and parietal regions which are thought to cause body image distortions
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| What neurochemical is shown to be significantly reduced in patients with anorexia nervosa? |
|
Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)
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| What is the psychological theory for why anorexia nervosa develops? |
|
Failure in the key tasks of separation-individuation and autonomy are interrupted resulting in delays in development. Also, fear of adult sexuality results in self-starvation
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