| Question |
Answer |
| What are the functions of the immune system? |
|
1.Provide immunity
2.Distinguish foreign molecules from normal body cells
3.Help mediate inflammation
4. cancer surveillance
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| Name the componenets of the immune system. |
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Immune cells
Primary lymphoid organs: bone marrow and thymus
Secondary lymphoid organs: spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, appendix pyer's patches in intestines, mucosa=associated lymphoid tissues (MALT) in respiratory, GI, and reproductive systems
|
| Explain innate immunity. |
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First line defense.
Responds quickly
Controls microbial growth until adaptive immunity.
Helps activate adaptive immunity.
|
| Give examples of innate immunity. |
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Skin and mucous membranes
Phagocytic WBC's
Natural killer cells
cytokines
Complement system
|
| What is adaptive immunity? |
|
Specific/Acquired
Second line defense
Responds slowly
More effective
Acquired through exposure to infection/forein agents
Targeted response to specific antigens
|
| What cells are responsible for cellular/cell mediated immunity? |
|
CD4+ or helper Tcells
CD8+ or cytotoxic Tcells
Memory Cells
|
| What type of Tcell is considered the "Master Switch" for adaptive immunity? |
|
CD4+ or helper Tcell.
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| How do CD8+ cells differ from NK cells? |
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a)have to be activated by helper Tcells
b)will only target specific antigen
|
| What type of cells are believed to be a subset of CD8+ cells and what 2 actions are they responsible for |
|
Suppressor Tcells
1. stops the immune response once harmful/foreign agent is destroyed.
2. suppresses activity for self reactive immune cells (prevent autoimmune diseases)
|
| What do memory cells do? |
|
Remain in body for a long time, enable more rapid response on repeat exposure (recognize antigen and stimulates T cell activity)
|
|
|
| IgG |
|
crosses placenta (only one that does)
provides protection for newborns for first few months
most plentiful in blood
protects against past infection
|
| IgA |
|
In body secretions.
Protects mucous membranes.
|
| IgM |
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The first to appear in response to an antigen, it's presence usually suggests a current infection by pathogen.
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| IgD |
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found on cell membrne of B lymphocytes, when binds with antigen it stimulates B cells to produce other specific Ig.
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| IgE |
|
involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infections.
|
| Explain humoral/antibody- mediated immunity. |
|
When activated by helper Tcells, B lympocytes differentiate into:
1. plasma cells
2. memory cells
|
| In humoral immunity what is the function of plasma cells? |
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Secrete antibodies/Ig which bind to and aggregate antigens to aid in their removal by phagocytes (makes antibodies)
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| In humoral immunity what is the function of the memory cells? |
|
Upon subsequent exposure to an antigen, stimulatess production of plasma cells.
|
| What does the presence of IgM indicate? |
|
Current infection
|
| What Ig provides newborns with immunity? |
|
IgG
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