| Question |
Answer |
| Characterized by shorter, faster breaths. Lungs are less compliant/pliable... |
|
Restricted breathing
|
| How is chronic bronchitis treated? |
|
Expectorants, broncho dilators, inhaled corticosteroids (Spireva), chest percussion, and deep breathing.
|
| What is the pathologic process of pulmonary edema? |
|
Transudation of protein - poor fluid into the alveoli decreasing diffusion capacity, fluid accumulates. Hypoxemia results. Extreme dyspnea, anxiety, frothy-pink sputum with cough, sensation of drowning, crackles, pain, cold, pale skin.
|
| What is an open pneumothorax? |
|
Damage to the parietal pleura that has broken the seal causing the lung to collapse. Open to outside world. Stab wound, lung punctured by ribs, etc.
|
| 24 respirations a minute is _______ . This results in _______ . |
|
Hyperventilation; hypocapnea
|
| What are some causes of chronic coughing? |
|
ACE inhibitors, post nasal drip, acid reflux, asthma, and cancer.
|
| What is pulmonary stenosis? |
|
Obstruction of blood flow causing a narrowing at the pulmonary artery. Increased workload to right side of heart can lead to HF.
|
| A normal V/Q ratio is... |
|
0.8
|
| Croup is common in children aged _______ . It is usually caused by _______ . |
|
6 months to 5 years; a virus - parainfluenza, Flu A or RSV
|
| What does aspiration of a foreign object commonly lead to? |
|
pneumonia
|
|
|
| A pus pocket on the tonsils that needs to be lanced to prevent airway obstruction... |
|
Peritonsillar abcess
|
| All COPD patients have _______ and lose the drive to breath from increase in CO2. |
|
hypercapnia
|
| Bronchogenic carcinomas arise from _______ . |
|
Epithelial cells of resp. tract. Get damaged by what's inspired and change.
|
| How is chronic bronchitis diagnosed? |
|
CXR; pulmonary fxn tests.
|
| What are diagnostic tests for asthma? |
|
Spirtometer, decreased FVC (blow out), and FEV I (amount of air expelled from lungs in 1 second)
|
| The more episodes of asthma attacks, the more _______ needed to control it. |
|
medications
|
| What genetic defect causes emphysema? Gender affected? |
|
Alpha I antitrypsin deficiency. Proteolytic enzymes eat the lining of the lungs. Occurs in men.
|
| The number one killer of CF patients is _______ . |
|
Pneumonia
|
| Bronchiolitis is the same thing as _______ . |
|
RSV
|
| _______ is a sign of respiratory failure. |
|
Respiratory acidosis (asthma)
|
| Lip cancer is a _______ carcinoma caused by smoking and chronic sun exposure. |
|
squamous cell carcinoma
|
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