| Question |
Answer |
| What is the biggest factor during an appraisal that impacts the stress response? |
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The personal meaning of the situation
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| _________ refers to the process of examining the demands, constraints, and resources of the environment and negotiating them with personal goals and beliefs. |
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Cognitive appraisal
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| What are the the three components of the primary appraisal of a goal? |
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Is the goal relevant, is the goal consistent with my values, and do I have a personal commitment?
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| The more committed a person is to a specific goal, the (greater or lesser?) their vulnerability is to stress. |
|
Greater
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| Which part of the brain initiates the stress response? |
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The locus ceruleus initiates the stress response by releasing norepinephrine with stimulates theSNS centers in the hypothalamus
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| What happens when the SNS is stimulated by stress? |
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The HPA is activated causing the hypothalamus to secrete corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH). The pituitary gland then secretes adrenocorticotropin hormone (corticotropin) which stimulates adrencortical secretion of cortisol.
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| In the stress response, the locus ceruleus releases _________, the hypothalamus secretes __________, the pituitary secretes __________ and the adrenal glands secrete _________. |
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In the stress response, the locus ceruleus releases norepinephrine, the hypothalamus secretes CRH, the pituitary secretes corticotropin and the adrenal glands secrete cortisol.
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| _________ is primarily immunosuppressive and contributes to a reduction in lymphocyte function and numbers, primarily T-lymphocytes and monocytes. This increases the risk of becoming ill during stressful periods. |
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Cortisol
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| Why is memory retrieval and emotional analysis impacted by stress? |
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CRH is released by the hypothalamus which acts on the amygdala and hippocampus, areas important to memory retrieval and emotional analysis.
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| Why is motivation, reward and reinforcement impacted by stress? |
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The locus ceruleus has connections with cerebrum which has dopaminergic tracts that extend into the mesolimbic and mesocortical tracts?areas important to motivation, reward and reinforcement.
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| _______ are organized psychophysiological reactions that generates an impulse for action during stress. They summarize the personal harms and benefits of each person-environment relationship. |
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Emotions
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| If emotion is _______, a disturbance in intellectual function occurs. |
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Intense
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| When a person views a situation as a challenge, ______ emotions occur. |
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Positive
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| _________ emotions occur when there is a threat to, delay in or thwarting of a goal or a conflict between goals. |
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Negative
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| _______ emotions occur when there is movement towards or attainment of a goal. |
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Positive
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| _______ emotions are ambiguous and include hope, compassion, empathy, sympathy and contentment. |
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Borderline
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| _______ emotions connote reactions like awe, confusion, confidence, and excitement. |
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Nonemotions
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| ________ is a deliberate, planned and psychological effort to manage stressful demands. |
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Coping
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| A balance between health and illness, a sense of well-being and maximum social functioning is the outcome of _________. |
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Positive coping
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| _______ focused coping changes the person-environment relationship, like when a woman leaves an abusive relationship. |
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Problem focused
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| ________ focused coping occurs when a person changes the meaning of a stressful situation, like realizing you're husband said he was working late tonight when he's not home at the normal time during a storm and you'd been fearing he was in an accident. |
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Emotion
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